In civics, minarchism (sometimes called minimal statism,[1] small government, or limited-government libertarianism[2]) refers to a political ideology which maintains that the state's only legitimate function is the protection of individuals from aggression.[2][3] Minarchists defend the existence of the state as a necessary evil,[1][4] but assert that it may only act to protect the life, liberty, and property of each individual.
A minarchist state would therefore consist of very few branches/parts of government, in the most minimal way - such as, for an example, courts (but not necessarily). Generally, minarchists identify themselves within the broader libertarian movement.
Samuel Edward Konkin III, an agorist, coined the term in 1971 to describe libertarians who defend some form of compulsory government. Konkin invented the term minarchism because he initially felt dismayed of using the cumbersome phrase limited-government libertarianism.[2][5] Some classical liberals, who believe in the necessity of the state, label themselves as minarchists to differentiate from market anarchists.
Contrastingly, market anarchists—who dismiss the legitimacy of all forms of compulsory government and advocate private law, private arbitration, and private defense—see the minimal state as an unnecessary evil on the grounds that it infringes on individual liberty by unnecessary taxation,[4] wars,[3] and police brutality.[6]
Ideology
Minarchists oppose all compulsory spending, intervention, and regulation, except those whose only function is to protect individuals from aggression.[1] Such minimal functions include courts, military, and police. However, most minarchists support some level of government funding, including perhaps taxation in some limited cases, as long as the state does not compromise all other areas of individual liberty.[2]
Minarchists legitimize their belief by pragmatic, consequentialist, and/or natural law arguments.[citation needed] Minarchists may use theoretical economic arguments, like Ludwig von Mises's contribution to Austrian economics, or statistical economic research, like the Indices of Economic Freedom.[citation needed] Important ethical aspects of libertarianism include the non-aggression principle, self-ownership, and property rights.[4]
A central tenet of minarchism consists of the idea that the minarchist government must not initiate violence to prevent the development of competing governments. Robert Nozick, a libertarian philosopher who has gained popularity for his work Anarchy, State and Utopia, theorized that, under anarchy, a dominant private defense agency (PDA) will eventually outcompete all other PDAs, then turn into an ultra-minimal[clarification needed] state, and finally into a minimal state.
If the minimal state decides not to suppress newly arising PDAs, Nozick predicted that the newly competing government will wage war against each other. Nozick, therefore, advocates the right for the minimal state to violently prohibit the formation of competing jurisdictions.[7] However, if the government allows individuals to freely unsubscribe from the current jurisdiction to join a competing jurisdiction, then it does not by definition constitute as a state, but as an anarchistic private defense agency.[8]
Я так понимаю, что *строй Розова" - выходит за эти рамки - не имеет приоритета (относительно 1971-го года так точно).
no subject
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minarchism
In civics, minarchism (sometimes called minimal statism,[1] small government, or limited-government libertarianism[2]) refers to a political ideology which maintains that the state's only legitimate function is the protection of individuals from aggression.[2][3] Minarchists defend the existence of the state as a necessary evil,[1][4] but assert that it may only act to protect the life, liberty, and property of each individual.
A minarchist state would therefore consist of very few branches/parts of government, in the most minimal way - such as, for an example, courts (but not necessarily). Generally, minarchists identify themselves within the broader libertarian movement.
Samuel Edward Konkin III, an agorist, coined the term in 1971 to describe libertarians who defend some form of compulsory government. Konkin invented the term minarchism because he initially felt dismayed of using the cumbersome phrase limited-government libertarianism.[2][5] Some classical liberals, who believe in the necessity of the state, label themselves as minarchists to differentiate from market anarchists.
Contrastingly, market anarchists—who dismiss the legitimacy of all forms of compulsory government and advocate private law, private arbitration, and private defense—see the minimal state as an unnecessary evil on the grounds that it infringes on individual liberty by unnecessary taxation,[4] wars,[3] and police brutality.[6]
Ideology
Minarchists oppose all compulsory spending, intervention, and regulation, except those whose only function is to protect individuals from aggression.[1] Such minimal functions include courts, military, and police. However, most minarchists support some level of government funding, including perhaps taxation in some limited cases, as long as the state does not compromise all other areas of individual liberty.[2]
Minarchists legitimize their belief by pragmatic, consequentialist, and/or natural law arguments.[citation needed] Minarchists may use theoretical economic arguments, like Ludwig von Mises's contribution to Austrian economics, or statistical economic research, like the Indices of Economic Freedom.[citation needed] Important ethical aspects of libertarianism include the non-aggression principle, self-ownership, and property rights.[4]
A central tenet of minarchism consists of the idea that the minarchist government must not initiate violence to prevent the development of competing governments. Robert Nozick, a libertarian philosopher who has gained popularity for his work Anarchy, State and Utopia, theorized that, under anarchy, a dominant private defense agency (PDA) will eventually outcompete all other PDAs, then turn into an ultra-minimal[clarification needed] state, and finally into a minimal state.
If the minimal state decides not to suppress newly arising PDAs, Nozick predicted that the newly competing government will wage war against each other. Nozick, therefore, advocates the right for the minimal state to violently prohibit the formation of competing jurisdictions.[7] However, if the government allows individuals to freely unsubscribe from the current jurisdiction to join a competing jurisdiction, then it does not by definition constitute as a state, but as an anarchistic private defense agency.[8]
Я так понимаю, что *строй Розова"
- выходит за эти рамки
- не имеет приоритета (относительно 1971-го года так точно).